Mechanism



May 3, 1932- s. J. L ONERGAN ET Al. 1,856,489

CONTROL MECHANISM Filed May 28. 1927 s Sheets-sheer lill 'Il l May 3,1932- s. J. LONERGAN ET AL l 1,856,489.

CONTROL MEGHANI SM Filed May 28 1927 .'5 Sheets-Sheet 3 #"R fmefm Y (BJmygormey Patented May` 3, 1932";y i

UNITED STATEAS PATENTy OFFICE SIMON J. LONERGAN AND HOWARD E. GINTHEB.,OF LA PORTE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR T BASTIAN-MORLEY C0., 0F LA PORTE,INDIANA, A CORPORATION 0F INDIANA.

CONTROL MECHANISM lApplicataon`led May 28, 1927. Serial No. 194,987.

` This invention relates to aburner for-a combustible fluid, moreparticularly to an improved means dependent on the burning ornon-burning ofa pilot jet or flame to control the fluid supply to theburner.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved valve operatingmechanism and a control means therefor associated with the burner or apilotl therefor, whereby the combustible medium 1s cut off in the eventthe flame serving as a pilot goes out accidentally or otherwise.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved valvemechanism under control of a' pilot flame and capable of operatingpositively and quickly, wherebythe inaction of the valve and itsmechanism .for a long period of time does not affect its action when thepilot flame goes ont.-

Another object ofthe invention is to associate with a rfluid burner andthe combustible fluid supply therefor, an improved thermostaticallyoperated valve mechanism arranged to positively cut off the `fluidsupply in the event the pilot flame becomes extinguished.

Another object of the invention is to provide a thermostat mechanism forcontrolling the fluid supply to a burner and to associate withthe thermoelements of such mechanism a suitable heat guard or spreader to preventoverheatingr of such elements.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in theartv to which ourl invention relates from the following descriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a.vertical section of a fluid heaterl having a burner and a pilot and 'ourimproved mechanismassociated with the latter for controlling the supplyof combustible medium tothe burner.

Fig. 2,'is aA fragmentarysectional view of parts shown in Fig. 1,enlarged. n

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section of the thermostat. valve operatingmechanism and valve, the parts shown being similar to those shown inFig. 2. but disposed in the position they occupy after the pilot isextinguished and the valve is closed.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line l-4 of Fig. 3.

View, partly' in showing another form of construcsimilar to F ig. 3, butshowing a different form of construct-ion. F Figa 12 is a, section onthe line 12-12 of 1g. 11. Fig. 13 is a fragmentary View of a furthermodified form of construction.

Fig. 14 is a section on the line 11i- 14 of Fig. 13.

In the drawings, 1 indicates a burner for a .suitable combustible mediumsuch as oil or gas for illuminating or heating purposes.

In the illustrated adaptation of our invention, the burner 1 isconstructed to burn natural or artificial gas supplied by conduit orpipe 2, preferably formed integrally with the walls of the burner 1. Theburner 1 may be of any desired construction, thatshown in the drawingshaving a plurality of jets on its upper face. The outer end of theconduit 2 is shaped to form a suitable mixin chamber 3 into which thegas is supplie The chamber 'wall is provided with a bridge 8a on which aplate 5 is adjustably mounted to regulate the air supply in a well knownmanner. The bridge 3a is'provided centrally with a hollow boss 3athrough which extends the nozzle 6 of a valve 7.

In the application of our invention herein chosen for illustration, theburner 1 is shown associated with a water heater 8 of the storage typewherein the water is heated to and maintained at approximately apredetermined temperature for heating or service purposes. In this formof construction the supply of gas is controlled by the temperature ofthe water in the heater through a smtable thermostat 9, so that when thewater in the container cools by radiation or bythe use of the heatedwater and its replacement with cold water, the burner is supplied withgas and serves to heat the water to the desired temperature, whereuponthe gas supply is cut oft.l While our invention may be used inconnection with any kind or type of fluid burner, whether it is used forlighting or heating purposes, we have used it most adaround thethermostat and the valve actuated thereby is provided, so that arelatively low iame will burn from the burner to serve as a pilotthere-for when the full gas supplyis admitted thereto by the thermostat,and in other forms the by-pass leads toy a separate pilot jet close tothe burner. In the event the burner in the first mentioned form ofconstruction or the pilot in .the second mentioned form of construction'is extingushed, the thermostat. upon the .lowering of temperature ofthe fluid in the container, will open the valve controlled or lactuatedby it and allow the full supply of gas to flow to the burner, and as thepilot flame of the burner or pilot, as the case may be, is out', thisgas will escape and be wasted. and possibly .result in an explosion anddamage therefrom'or fatal consequences .to persons in the house in whichthe apparatus is installed. Our invention has for its purpose thecutting off of the entire gas supply to the burner, in the event thepilot flamein 'either of the forms of construction 'referred to isextinguished to prevent waste and other resulting damage. In theillustrated arrangement, a separate pilot gas supply pipe 4 isassociated' with the burner 1, its jet 4a being arranged adjacent andslightly above one edge of the-latter, to ignite the gas when admittedto the burner.

In the illustrated construction, the heater 8 comprises a suitablecontainer 8a having a suitable. insulationjacket 8b and a skirt 10forming 'a fire-chamber 10a in which the .burner 1 is mounted. 11indicates a suitable spreader mounted in the bottom of the container andin operative'frelation to the burner 1 and connected through thevcontainer bottom with the interior thereof. 11a vis a suitable `drainpipe. 12 indicates the water supplypipe and 13 indicates the dischargepipe leading to various lpoints in a service or heating system. 14indicates a iue preferably leading from the fire chamber 10a through thebottom and top walls of the container 8a.

The pipe 4 is connected to the gas supply pipe 15 above the mainthermostat 9. The construction of the thermostat 9 is not illus- 1;likewise, upon the fall in temperature of the water in the container 8athe thermostat 9 will open the valve and admit gasto the burner 1.- A

From the casingof the thermostat 9 the supply pipe 15 leads to and isconnected withV an inlet nipple or tubular portion 16 of a casing 17.The opposite wall of the casing 17 is'provided with an outlet nipple 18conn'ected with the valve 7, preferably directly to its inlet branch 7a.As will be understood the thermostat casing, pipe 15, casing 17 andvalve 7 constitute the gas supply means to the mixing chamber 3 andburner 1. The inner Wall of the inlet nipple 16 is preferably providedwith screw threads to permit the mounting therein ofl a pipe section 19.The upper end of thepipe section is connected to the adjacent end of thepipe 15 in any desired manner, for example by a union 20. The lower endof the pipe section 19 is tapered and ground to form a valve seat 21with which a valve element 22 (preferably a ball) engages to close offthe supply of gas and disengages to permit the gas to flow to theburner. The casing 17 is enlarged, as shown at 17 a, to provide asuitable space therewithin for a linkage, indicated as an entirety 23,acted upon bythe thermostat elements 24, 25,

to actuate the valve element 22. The thermostat elements, 24, 25,comprise a rod and a tube, respectively. In the form of constructionshown in Figs. 1, 2 and`3, the valve element 22 is below its seat 21 andmoves upwardly to engage therewith and close the valve; and the tube 25is formed of a suitable metal (such as copper) which has a relativelyhigh co-eiiicient of expansion and the rod 24 is formed of a materialwhich has a substantially zero co-eficient of (expansion. The outer endsof the thermostat elements are adjustably connected together in themanner to be later set forth, Whereas the inner end of the tube 25 isfiXedly moiuited on the wall of the enlarged portion 17 a and the innerend of the rod 24 `operatively engages one of the levers of the linkage23 ,to reffect its movement in one direction or the other. The outerportion or end of the thermostat elements 24,25,

is associated with or disposed in the heat zone of the pilot flame 4awhereby the heat therefrom will affect these elements to' maintain thevalve 22 open. Under normal conditions, that is, with the pilot-jet 4alighted as shown iet- inIiigs. .lv and 2, the tubeis expanded and therod 24 is'moved thereby endwise toward the left (asviewed in Figs. l, 2and 3), thus releasing `pressure lon the linkage 23 and permlttlng it,due to its weight, the weight of the valve element 22 and pressure ofthe gas thereon, to swing downwardly and allowing l the valve element 22to disengagethe valge seat 21, as shown in Fig. 2, and the gas to passthe valve to the burnery 1. In the event the pilot fialne becomesextinguished, by accident orotherwise, the contraction of the elementWill effect movement of the rod 24` in' the opposite direction and it inturn through the linkage 23 Willmove the valve y element 22 against itsseat 21, as shown in F i'gs. 3 and 4, and hence positively-shut oli` thegas supply.

Theinner end of the'tube-25'is preferably mounted in thel end wall u17of the enlarged portion 17a of the casing, in the following manner, sothat the inner end of the rod 24- may extend through an opening 26formed in such wall for engagement with .the vlinkage ,23; the end wall.17 vis thickened and the outer portion`of the opening -26 .is enlarged,

as shown at 27. AThe bottom of the-enlarged hollow plug'has a conicalend wall which fits against the flared walls of the tube 25, so thatVwhen the plug 29 is tightened it clamps the inner end of the tube 25against the surface 28 and thus insures a liquid tight and rigidconnection between the tube and casing wall.

. Thel adjustable connection .between the- @outer ends of thethermo-elements 24, 25,

preferably comprises `a plug 30 fixed in any' desired manner in the endof the tube 25 and having a threaded opening 31 through it to receivethe threaded portion 32 of the rod 24,

' and a locking nut 33.

' The Vthermo-elements 24, 25, may be mounted in any position relativetothe pilot jet whereby'the heat of the latter will maintain the tubev 25in expanded condition, but by preference the gas supply pipe 4 extendsslightly belowv and parallel tothe tube 25.

and the latter is arranged s o lthat its outer end terminates in closeproximity -to the pilot jet 4a. In this arrangement (1) thethermoelements do not obstruct the heat' and prode ucts of 'combustionfrom the burner 1 .and

(2) provision is readily made `for protecting -the thermo-elements fromundue heating whichwould affect their tensile strength and otherwisedamage the metal. For this latter purpose I provide a guard device 34which is so constructed and associated with the pilot jet 4a that theflame therefrom cannot play on or contactl with the metal of the tube25.

As avresult the tube is heated by conduction.

by its contact directly or indirectly with such device or byradiation ofheat therefrom. In one form the guard device 34 consists of a relativelythick brass disk 34a (see Figs. Sand 7 )y having a diameter somewhatlarger than that of the tube 25 and interposed between the nut 33 and.outer'end of the tube 25 and in'contact with the hollow plu The lowerportion ofthe disk 34a is exten ed and formed with an opening 35 throughwhich the pipe 4' extends. 'In this arrangement the pilot'jet 4a isbeyond the'guard 34a and the latter guards the tube from the flame andexcess'ive heat. By preference, the jet 4a extends far enough beyond'the guard 34a to direct itsflame on the nut 33, so that the guard 34a aswell as the tube 25 is heatedby conduction and radiation.4 In thislatter arrangement, a relatively large wall area is provided to enable4the excessive heat to quickly radiate and not effect'overheating of thetube 25.l .To protect the outer end of the rod 24, the nut 33, maybe'closed'on its outer side andthusform ar capfor the rod end.` The nut33 removably secures the guard in position. f

In anotherform of heat guard (see Figs. 8 and 9) the pilot jet may bedisposed below the outer portion of the tube 25 and the lower portion ofthe guard is extended inwardly Abelow thev tube and its lateralportions, as

shown at 346. In this form of construction:

the extended portion 346 is substantially semi-circular in cross sectionand its inner end carries a depending wingv37 formed with an opening 37athrough which the pilot pipev 4 extends.

In.either form of guard device where it is found that the tube 25isunduly heated, we may provide between it and the adjacent parts a Wallof suitable'insulation vmaterial .38, such as asbestos, which servestoretard heat conduction to the tube. This form of construction is shownin'Fig. 10, l,the in sulation wall38 being shown between the inner faceof the disk portion 34a and the tube end and between the inwardlyextended portion 346 and sides of the tube. The insulation wall 38 maybe 'of any desired thickness. If desired, the heat retarding member 38may be removed and another member of greater or lesser thickness orhaving a greater or lesser co-eicient of heat conductivity substituted.Each guard device or member 34 herein shown is formed with an opening 39through.

which the rod 24 extends and the nut serves 'to removably secure thedevice in rigid pos1-1 tion, and where the device is lined withinsulation or heat reta'rding material it also jper its the latter to beremoved.. Accordingly, ither or both may be replaced by devices of adifferent thicknessior formedofV mateity.

The linkage 23 is shown 'as comprising two I links 23a., 23b (the formerconstituting a lever) having operative engagement with the walls of thecasing 17 or 17a and pivotally connected together so that when .theirpivoted together portions are articulated about their respective pointsof engagement with the casing, and the outer end of the long arm 23a ofthe relatively long arc. By mounting the valve element 22 on the freeend of the arm 23a', slight movement Lof the links relative to eachother will effectively control the valve element 22 with respect toitsseat. The engagement of the lever 23a with the casing is provided by atransverse shaft 39 supported by the side walls of the casing portion17a, this shaft serving to support the link 23a and also the link 23?),and the engagement of .the latter link with the casing-17 is provided byan abutment 40. The abutment 40 preferably consists of a pin having ascrew threaded portion fitted into a threaded opening 41 formed in thecasing wall. The ro-d 40 may be rotated to adjust its free end toregulate the movement of the links and through them adjust the seatingand unseating of the valve element 22. The inner end of the thermorod 24is arranged to engage one of the links, preferably thelink 231) to causetheir mo'vement -about the shaft 39 and abutment 40 and relative to eachother.

threaded and removably mountedin aligned threaded openings 39a ormed inthe side walls of the casing portion 17a (see Fig. 6). The inner e-nd ofthe member 39a is formed with an axial opening 390` and the inner end ofthe member 39bis reduced to form a pivot 396 which extends through anopening'in the link 23a .and into the opening 390. As shown, theshoulder formed bythe reduced pivot portion 39?/- and the inner end ofthe member 39a engage the opposite sides of the link 23a, to maintain itin position and against lateral movement.

The construction of the linkage and its mounting in the casing hereinVshow n by way of examplev is substantially similar to the constructiondescribed and claimed in Letters- Patent No. -1,402,189 granted to M.

Thomas. The connectionbetween the inner end of the thermo-rod 2 4 andlink23b is preferably of the ball and socket type, that is, the rod endis rounded and the adjacent link 231) fis formed with a. sphericalsocket` 42 into 1 concentric relation to theopening 26 and tube whichthe rounded rod end fits, this construction serving to connect theseparts together and tosuppert the inner end of the rod in 2 5. No claimis made herein to this form of lconnection as vit forms thesubject-matter of a co-.pending application Serial No. 7 8,886 filedlink or lever 23a will swing througha' The shaft 39 preferably consistsof two members 39a, 395,

' the ing an annular seat around the latter for the end convolution of acoiled spring 4,5. The base 44 is provided with a depending lug 46'which fits between bifurcations provided on the end of 'the arm 23a.The lug 46 is pivoted on a cross pin 47 supported by the bifurcations.The spring 45 is interposed between the base. 44 and valve element 22and engagesl and supports the latter to move it toward and from itsseat. The valve element 22 is guidedvertically that is, axially of thevalve seat 21, by ribs 50.

48 indicates a washer engaging the lower convolution of the spring 45and engaged by the head vofa screw 49 threaded into an opening in theboss 44a, these elements servingto connect the spring to the base.convolution is not fixed to the base 44 by the washer 48, but ispreferably loosely connected thereto so that its upperend may' swinglaterally on the base and thus permit it to more freely accommodateitself to the valve element 22, which is guided vertically to and fromits seat 21 bythe guide ribs 50, as the lever arm 23a swings about-itsfulcrum or shaft 39. The convolutions of the spring The spring areshaped to form a substantially conical coil, so that its upper orenlarged end will form a receptacle to support the ball when unseated.By providing a spring between the leverarm 23a and valve element 22,theV movement of the arm about its pivot may continue, after seating ofthe valve, Without .movement of the lever arm 23a', thus insuring theclosing of the valve relatively soon after the pilot becomesextinguished and saving of gas.

' In the form of construction shown, the supy ply pipe 15 leads directlyto the pipe-19. and latter is in line with the valve element 22. Ifdesired, provision may be made for protectingthe valve'element anditsseat from foreign matter and the heavier ingredients containedin thegasso that they will not accumulate thereonl and prevent the closing ofthe valve, for example, as shown in Figs. 11 to 14, inclusive. Referring12, the casing 17 b is provided near itsnpper portion and-below theinlet pipe 19 ywith an annular wall 17 c having on its lower surface acollar 21 forming a suitable seat for the valve'ele'ment-22. Disposedabove and in.

to Figs.l 11 and The dome member 13 17d being interposed in the path ofthe gas 'y ao fiowing `from the inlet or supply pipe to the `valveopening, serves to collect on its surface those heavy ingredients 'whichwould otherwise have a tendency to accumulate on the valveelement andprevent its effective clos- In Fi s. 13 and 14, that portion of thecasing 17a/zv etween the boss 16:1: for the supply pipe (not shown) andvalve seat 21m and valve element 22a: is offset, as shown at 17m. Inthisarrangement,.a reservoir is provided in thepath of the gas to permitthe accumulation in said offset of these heavyingredif ents or foreignmatter so that the same will not flow toV and lodge on theivalve 22m andaffect its seating.` By preference, the wall 17m is provided withy anupstanding flange 17f lwhich serves to prevent the fiow of such materialoff of the wall 17 m. The lower portion of the casing 17m is preferablyalso off-I setto position the boss 18m for the gas` connecting pipe(not-shown) in line with the boss 16m. In the forms of'constuctionV justreferred to, tendency o f the heavy ingredients and foreign material inthegas clogging the valve and preventing seating of the valve element ismaterially reduced oreliminated.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the controlmechanism operates in a positive manner to close the valve element22-against its seat and to release the valve therefrom, permitting itsweight supplemented bythe pressure of the gas to unseat it. As theoperating-mechanism acts infa positive manner on the valve element 22,it will be understood that'even if the pilot .burns for an indefiniteperiod, perhaps for man months and longer without being extinguis ed(during which period of time the thermostat elements, the linkage 23 andvalve.elementthe latter open-remain stationary), such mechanism will,upon the going out of the pilotflame, positively and quickly operate thevalve and shut off the gas.

.In thepreferred forms of construction, as shown herein, the valveelement is below its valve seat andthe movement of the arm 23a f thrustsit positively against the fseat, the

-spring serving as a yieldable member between the arm and valve element.As a result the longer the movement of the arm the greater thepressureof the valve element against the sea-t, s o that in the eventany material accu- `mulates on the valve element the pressure on thevalve will tend to displace Ait therefrom. To. insure seating, the seat21 may be tapered and ground to provide a substantially knife edge seat.Y 51 indicates a guard de endingfrom the upper wall 17av and strad lingthe lever arm 23a at a point 'beyondits pivot, vso that the""gasnflowingthrough the casing 17 will be' directed` away from theivot'39 and thus reduce the tendency of eavy and foreign materials inthe gas to accumulate in the casing.

. 52 lindicates a device for supplying air to the gas which is burnedfrom the jet 4a. This device serves to mix air with the gas to supportcombustion and is so constructed that (l) the air is heated prior tomixing and (2) 'danger of back firing at the air inlet ports iseliminated. For convenience, the'device 52 is shown in section inconnection with one of the modified embodiments (Fig. 10), but it willbe understood that the device shown in Figs. l and 2 is similarlyconstructed. Of the device 52, 53 indicates a plug or body member formedwith openings v in its opposite ends in aligned relation to receive theadjoining ends of the pipe sections 4', 4m. Be-

tween these pipe ends the body member is` formed with a tapered opening54 forming lan injector leadingcentrally into the pipe section 4m. 55indicates a plurality of air i11- let ports formed in the pipe section4.a' adjacent the injector opening 54. 56 indicates a wall surroundingthe pipe section 4m and in spaced relation thereto and connected withthe body member 53 at one end. The wall 56 extends longitudinaly of thepipe section 4x and in concentric relation thereto to a point remotefrom the a'ir inlet ports so that the air entering its open end willtravel a relatively long distance'l before mixing with the gas. In thepreferredconstruction the'wall and plug 53 close the annular spacearoundthe pipesection on that side of the air inlet vports 55 remote from thepilot jet 4a and the wall extends to the otherside of these ports ortoward the pilot jet a relatively long distance. Y

In our construction it will be noted that the main thermostat mechanism9 and the e thermostat mechanism under control of the pilot lflame areinterposed in the gas supply pipe 15 but at different points and areoperated independenly of each other by different heated mediums.

To thosev skilled in the art to which our invention relates many changesin construction and Widely differing vembodiments and applications ofour invention will suggest themselves without departing from the spiritand scope thereof. Our disclosures and the description herein are purelyillustrative and are not intended to be in any sense limiting.

What we claim is:

1. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a. burner, asupply pipe for a combustible medium connected to said burner, means forproviding a pilot fiame for said burner, a thermostat mechanisminterposed in said supply pipe and having thermoelements disposed in theheat zone of thc pilot dame, operatingvmeans operatively connected with'one'of said elements, and a valve actuated by said operating means forcon- '..trollng the flow of the combustible medium .Noma-WMV,

through said pipe, said valve having a downwardly facing` seat and thevalve element therefor being disposed between the seat and saidvoperating means, whereby the latter' forces the valve element againstits` seat when operated in a direction opposite to both gravity and thefiow of the combustible medium.

2.' In apparatus of the class described, the

', combination-of a burner, a supply pipe for a combustible mediumconnected I t said burner, means for providinga pilot flame for saidburner, a thermostat mechanism interposed in said supply pipe and havingthermoelements disposed in the heat zone of the pilot fiame, operatingmeans operatively con- A nected with one of said elements, a valveactuated by said operating means for control- Ilingl the vflow of thecombustible medium through said pipe, said valve having a downwardlyfacing seat and the valve element therefor being disposed beneath theseat and above said operating means, and a compression spring interposedbetween said operating means and said valve element to compensate. forthe movement of said operating means after the valve element is seated.

3. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a burner, a supplyplpe for a combustible medium connectedto said burner, means for providing a ilot fiame for said burner, athermostat mecl anism interposed in said supply pipe and havingthermo-elements disposed in the heat zone of the pilot y flame,operating means operatively connected with one of said elements, a valveactuated by said operating means for controlling the flow of thecombustible medium through said pipe', the valve element of said valvecomprising a ball'and the operating means including a lever foroperating said ball,` means Yfor guiding the ball toward and from itsseat in a vsubstantially axial direction, and a yieldable device betweensaid ball and said lever on theopposite side of the ball. from the seatand arranged to transmit the movement of said lever to said ball whilepermitl, tingit to move ax1ally into a seating position. f A 4. Inapparatus of the class described, the combination of aburner, a supplypipe for a combustible medium connected to said burner, means forproviding a pilot flame for said burner, avalve in said pipe, athermostat mechanism.l having thermo-elements, a por tionI of saidelements being disposed in the heat `zone of the pilot flame, operatingmeans operatively connected with one of s to automatically close-andopen the latter,

and-a heat guard, said .guard comprising a. plate'transversely of theouter endsof? said elements in contact therewith and having v id elevments and the valve element of sai valve-` combination of a burner,a'supply pipe for a combustible medium connected to said burner, meansfor providing a pilot ame for said burner, a valve in said pipe, athermostat mechanism comprising concentrically arranged thermo-.elementshaving their inner ends disposed in the heat zone of the pilot flame,operating means operatively connected with one of said elements and thevalve element of said valve to automatically close and open the latter,and heat guard comprising a plate fitting over the inner thermo-elementand engaging the outer element and a device threaded on the innerelement and clamped against said plate and serving toconnect thethermo-elements and. plate together.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a burner, asupply pipe for a combustible medium connected to said burner, means forproviding a pilot flame for said burner, a valve. in said pipe,thermostat ele-` ments arranged concentrically and having their innerends-disposed in the heatzone of thejpilot flame, operating meansoperatively connected with one of said elements-and the valve element ofsaid valve to`auto1naticallyA open land closethe latter, and a heatguard y carried by the inner ends of said thermoelements,.said guardcomprising a device mounted on the inner end of the outer -element andhaving a portion bent back below the lower side thereof.

combination of a burner, a supply pipe fora combustible medium connectedto said burner, means for providing a pilot flame for said burner, athermostat mechanism interposed in said supply pipe and havingthermo-elements disposed in the heat zone of the pilot flame, andcomprising a tube connected at its 7. In apparatus of the classdescribed, the l rod in engagement with the outer end of the p tube anda nut enclosing the free end of the rod and engaging said plate..

In 'testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed. our names.

' SIMON-J. LONERGAN.

HOWARDE. GINTHER.

portions extending radiallyk beyond said elemerits.

5. In apparatus of the class described, the

v 12in

